AKA: Aran Stitches (Names after Aran Island, West Coast of Ireland - where technique thought to have originated)
Cable knitting is a style of knitting that creates textures of crossing layers by rearranging stitches. To create cables, a number of stitches are moved to a cable needle and knit in a different order. The stitches are twisted away from or toward each other to create different textures and patterns.
AKA: Stranded Colorwork, Fair Isle Knitting
When knitting colorwork patterns, you use two or more colors in a single row/round and carry the strands of yarn along the back of your work. As you switch between colors, the unused yarn is carried loosely behind the stitches, creating “floats” on the wrong side of your work. Typical styles include: stripes, intarsia, stranded colorwork/Fair Isle, mosaic knitting, and brioche knitting
Knits stitches will typically look like a V shape, while Purl stitches often look like bumps. These are often the first things you learn when starting to knit as they are the base of any more complex pattern.
To make a knit stitch, you insert the needle from the front of the loop, bringing the yarn from the back to the front of the stitch before pulling it through. For a purl stitch, you insert the needle from the back of the loop, bringing the yarn to the front of the work before pulling it through. This opposite approach is what gives each stitch its unique look and feel on the fabric.